RS485 (Recommended Standard 485), also known as TIA/EIA-485-A, is a standard maintained by the Electronics Industry Alliance (EIA). RS485 is similar to the RS-232 and RS-422 standards. The RS485 and RS422 standards were developed to meet the needs of electronic component designers for longer cable lengths, increased throughput and control of multiple devices.
Standards Overview:
1.) The RS232 standard is well known because of its use with the PC. It is used for point-to-point communications.
2.) The RS422 standard allows up to 10 devices to be controlled and monitored with a greatly extended range. Several interconnected machines may be connected in a master/slave configuration. Machines configured to function as slaves can communicate with the master, but not each other.
3.) The RS485 standard expanded the number of devices and provided a way to create true multipoint communications. The multidrop networks reduced the number of wires required to connect devices to the host, but also introduced a single point of failure - the cable.