Hydraulic pumps are extremely basic and capable devices designed to move liquid by pressure or suction. Hydraulic pumps are used to transfer energy and are powered by an energy source that initializes the pump but has no part in the pumping action itself. The kinetic energy of the fluid is used to force a small part of liquid that is under high pressure to a reservoir, called the pump outlet, which is at a higher level. Commonly, a small diameter piston is pushed against an uncompressible fluid, such as oil. The smaller piston causes the oil to move a second, larger piston on the opposite side of the system, multiplying the force. Hydraulic multiplication factors make pumps useful in many applications that require great strengths, including automobile braking systems, dump trucks and construction shovels/excavators.
Hydraulic pumps come in many different varieties, sizes, flow rates and power ratings. If the cylinder of the hydraulic pump is expected to constantly raise a heavy weight, a single piston pump or double-acting pump is appropriate.
Hydraulic pumps come in many different varieties, sizes, flow rates and power ratings. If the cylinder of the hydraulic pump is expected to constantly raise a heavy weight, a single piston pump or double-acting pump is appropriate.
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Last Updated: Sep 2009
Last Updated: Sep 2009
What are Hydraulic Pumps?
In applications that initially have little to no resistance but require high force later on, a two-speed dual piston pump will suffice. Hydraulic pumps with a 4-way valve are ideal for applications that call for a double-acting cylinder, which exerts force in either direction. Manufacturers may need to know the weight of the load being lifted by and the piston diameter of the cylinder, the number of cylinders lifting the load and the travel length (stroke) of the cylinder, in order to determine the appropriate type of pump for the application.
Pressure capacities are important factors when purchasing a hydraulic pump. The load is actually what causes the pressure on the fluid, not the pump itself. The rotary action of the pump simply moves the fluid, causing flow. Pump pressure rating is determined by the capability of the pump to withstand pressure without internal leakage or damage to the pump components. If simple or moderate work is expected, low- and medium-pressure pumps will do just fine. On the other hand, if a pump will be used for large construction equipment, a high pressure system will most likely be necessary.
It is difficult to predict when a hydraulic pump will fail. However, new diagnostic technology has been developed that claims to do just that. The discharge pressure of a pump is directly measured to accurately predict failure and the remaining life of the pump. This technology improves on the common detection methods of using vibration signals, which are affected by environmental interference, by measuring the ripples on the surface of the fluid, which are not affected by external sources. By easily extracting a "feature signal" from the pump discharge pressure in real time, it is able to predict failure within 50 to 100 hours, which leads to improved safety and significantly reduced or eliminated downtime. The system can be economically integrated into a new or existing hydraulic pump without much modification.
Pressure capacities are important factors when purchasing a hydraulic pump. The load is actually what causes the pressure on the fluid, not the pump itself. The rotary action of the pump simply moves the fluid, causing flow. Pump pressure rating is determined by the capability of the pump to withstand pressure without internal leakage or damage to the pump components. If simple or moderate work is expected, low- and medium-pressure pumps will do just fine. On the other hand, if a pump will be used for large construction equipment, a high pressure system will most likely be necessary.
It is difficult to predict when a hydraulic pump will fail. However, new diagnostic technology has been developed that claims to do just that. The discharge pressure of a pump is directly measured to accurately predict failure and the remaining life of the pump. This technology improves on the common detection methods of using vibration signals, which are affected by environmental interference, by measuring the ripples on the surface of the fluid, which are not affected by external sources. By easily extracting a "feature signal" from the pump discharge pressure in real time, it is able to predict failure within 50 to 100 hours, which leads to improved safety and significantly reduced or eliminated downtime. The system can be economically integrated into a new or existing hydraulic pump without much modification.
